Bueno, entonces... Learn Spanish I & II

Study Guide… Class 5

From angsty teens to therapists to irratable taxi drivers to everyone in between. It’s important to be able how to describe how you feel! Bueno, entonces… Class 5 will teach all about it. Especially the crucial differences between ESTAR, TENER, and SER.

You’ll also learn a whole lot of adjectives, which can really supplement your vocabulary. Remember all the words you learned in Class 4? Now you can say exactly what you think of your cuñada (sister-in-law)!

If you haven’t gotten your hands on Bueno, entonces… Class 5 yet, grab it here:
www.generallinguistics.com

You can also purchase it on iTunes: http://bit.ly/getatitunes or buy the 6 DVD set, sold exclusively on Amazon.com: http://amzn.to/buyatamazon

Week 1
Class 5


CAPÍTULOS (Chapters)
INFORMACIÓN DE REFERENCIA (Reference Information)
GLOSARIO (Glossary)
EJERCICIOS ESCRITOS (Written exercises/Quiz)
PRÓXIMAMENTE (Preview)
SEE ALL THE SUPPORT MATERIALS

There was a lot in Bueno, entonces…Class 5, including (but not restricted to) moods, traditions, ESTAR vs. TENER, as well as the complete present tense.

Now you also have a whole range of adjectives and adverbs to add to your quiver. Make sure you understood it all by looking over this Study Guide for Class 5. You can also take the Quiz for Class 5 to be certain you got the concepts before starting Class 6.

As always, if you are ever in doubt about the very helpful color codes and symbols shown to you on the Magic Pizarro, review them here: http://www.generallinguistics.com/bueno-entonces-key.html

CAPÍTULOS

Here are a list of the different sections for Class 5. Make sure to go back and review the section if you didn’t understand the concept completely:

Chapter	Time	Content
Chapter 1	00:00 – 00:26	Opening & title
Chapter 2	00:27 – 3:19	Introduction / Moods and temporary states
Chapter 3	3:20 – 9:43	More moods / Slang & lunfardo
Chapter 4	9:43 – 10:54	Adjective placement
Chapter 5	10:55 – 14:24	More slang / Quantity adjectives
Chapter 6	14:25 – 18:22	Pronunciation of the R & the D
Chapter 7	18:23 – 26:18	Conjugation of regular verbs in plural / Cultural vocabulary
Chapter 8	26:19 – 28:26	Conjugation chart / the verb SER
Chapter 9	28:27 – 34:13	Review of the verb SER / Comparison vocabulary
Chapter 10	34:14 – 35:31	Lo mejor & lo peor / Farewell
Chapter 11	35:32 – end	Closing credits

INFORMACIÓN DE REFERENCIA

Grammar / Language tips:

Adjective Rules:
As a general rule, adjectives will follow the noun, unlike English. As a result you will say “Una hormiga chica” (an ant small). However, there are a few select adjectives that go BEFORE the noun! So memorize these adjectives and follow the rule for the rest.

Algún/a/os/as (some)	Mucho/a/os/as (a lot)	Poco/a/os/as (small)
Bastante (a lot)	Mismo/a/os/as (same)**	Suficiente (enough)
Cualquier (anything)	Nada (nothing)	Tanto/a/os/as (much)
Cualquiera* (anyone)	Ningún/o/a (none/no one)	Todo/a/os/as (all/every)

*Cualquiera should be used in a sentence alone, neither before nor after a noun.

**Mismo/a/os/as should be used with the definite article (El, La, Los, Las)

Adverb Rule:
Normally, but not always, you can make an ADJECTIVE (a word that describes a NOUN) into an ADVERB (a word that describes a VERB or ADJECTIVE). We do this in English by adding -ly, in Spanish we add -mente.

Check it out:
Mental – Mentalmente (Mental – Mentally)
Exacta – Exactamente (Exact – Exactly)
General – Generalmente (General – Generally)
Normal – Normalmente (Normal – Normally)

Verb Conjugation in the Present Tense: The newest additions are in blue

Regular Verbs:

Pronoun	TRABAJAR *(to work)*	COMER *(to eat)*	VIVIR *(to live)*
YO	Trabajo	Como	Vivo
TÚ	Trabajas	Comes	Vives
VOS	Trabajás	Comés	Vivís
ÈL/ELLA/USTED	Trabaja	Come	Vive
NOSOTROS	Trabajamos	Comemos	Vivimos
ELLOS/ELLAS/USTEDES	Trabajan	Comen	Viven

Try making sentences with the above verbs, as well as HABLAR (to talk) and LEER (to read).

ie. “Hablamos Inglés” (We speak English) or “Viven en Argentina” (They live in Argentina).

ESTAR vs. TENER:

In Spanish there are two different ways of expressing your mood/emotion.

1. The first way uses the verb ESTAR (to be), followed by an ADJECTIVE.
Remember to make the adjective agree with the noun in number and gender!
“Estoy aburrida” (I -female- am bored)
“Ellos están aburridos” (They- male- are bored)

2. The second way uses the verb TENER (to have), followed by a NOUN.
“Tengo hambre” (I have hunger)
“Tienen hambre” (They have hunger)

Pay close attention to the chart below to see which emotions use either ESTAR or TENER.

Review the different intensities of Comparison with the Sarah Palin chart below!

Compare Palins!

ESTAR vs. SER

ESTAR and SER are difficult for English speakers to get their head around, because both mean “to be”. However, they ARE NOT INTERCHANGEABLE!

As a basic premise, use SER for PERMANENT things, such as permanent characteristics (tall), nationalities (English), family relationships (mother) and professions (back in the day- you would ‘always’ be a doctor/carpenter/etc.)

ESTAR is used for TEMPORARY things, such as your emotions (happy), states of being (overworked) and locations (at the mall).

You need to be careful as the sentence can have very different meanings depending on which verb you use!

For example:
Estoy borracho = I am drunk (now)
Soy borracho = I am a drunk (always)

AL VESRE:

A popular way of speaking in Argentina is to use Al vesre, or reverse the letters to make the word more “slang/ rude”.

Here are a few examples:
El Libro (book) – broli
La Puerta (door) – tapuer
La Calle (street) – lleca
La Mujer (woman) – jermu

GLOSARIO

Check out all the new words you learned! Make sure to review above for emotion vocabulary.

Remember the Color coding? We’ve used it here too:

Feminine Nouns / endings

Masculine Nouns / endings

Adjectives / Adverbs

Verbs – are all seen in the INFINITIVE form, click on them to see all their many conjugations.

Or look at our handy Verb Page (http://www.generallinguistics.com/conjugate-spanish-verbs/) to see them all!

NOUNS	VERBS	ADJECTIVES / ADVERBS
La Adivinanza (guess)	Acabar (to finish/end)	Algún/a (some/someone)
El Altiplano (mountain/plateau)	Adivinar (to guess)	Basta (enough)
El Asado (barbeque)	Apagar (to turn off)	Bastante (a lot)
El Boliche (disco)	Cenar (to have dinner)	Chiquito/a (little one)
La Carga (load)	Comparar (to compare)	Cualquier/a (anything/anyone)
La Cartera (purse)	Correr (to run)	Claro/a (clear)
La Conversación (conversation)	Creer (to believe)	Extraño/a (strange)
La Costumbre (custom)	Equivocarse (to be wrong)	Exactamente (exactly)
El Diario (newspaper)	Faltar (to lack)	Feo/a (bad/ugly)
Los Dientes (teeth)	Ganar (to win)	Físicamente (physically)
La Dieta (diet)	Morder (to bite)	Flaco/a (skinny person)
La Ducha (shower)	Pedir (to ask for something)	Generalmente (generally)
El Edificio (building)	Pegar (to stick, to hit)	Genio/a (genius)
El Escritor (writer)	Pelear (to fight)	Genial (cool)
El Escritorio (desk)	Quedarse (to stay)	Grande (large)
El Estado de ánimo (mood)	Relacionar (to relate)	Groso/a (great)
La Fruta (fruit)	Repasar (to review)	Halagado/a (flattered)
El Gusano (worm)	Seguir (to continue)	Liviano/a (light)
La Hamburguesa (hamburger)	Separar (to seperate)	Mediano/a (medium)
La Historía (story)	Sonar (to sound)	Mejor (best)
La Hormiga (ant)	Tratar (to treat)	Mentalmente (mentally)
La Jaqueca (migraine)		Muerto/a (dead)
El Lugar (place)		Ningún/a (nothing/noone)
La Mentira (lie)		Normalmente (normally)
El Opuesto (opposite)		Obviamente (obviously)
El Paladar (palate)	PREPOSITIONS	Oscuro/a (dark)
El Pedo (fart)	Abajo (lower)	Peor (worst)
La Pera (pear)	Adelante (forward)	Pesado/a (heavy)
El Piropo (compliment)	Así (so)	Quizás (maybe)
El Ruido (noise)	Atrás (back)	Salvaje (wild)
La Ruina (ruin)	Con (with)	Suficiente (enough)
El Sentimiento (emotion)	Sin (without)	Tarde (late)
El Toque (tap)	Todavía (still)	Tanto/a (much)
La Ventana (window	Ya (already)	Temporal (temporary)
La Verdura (vegetable)		Temprano/a (early)

USEFUL PHRASES:

En vez de decir (instead of saying)
En pedo (plastered)
Al pedo (useless)
Ir a los pedos (to go very fast)
A ver (let’s see)
En serio (seriously)
De verdad (truly)

Remember to study vocabulary from the previous classes. You can find them here:
CLASS 1 GLOSSARY: http://blog.buenoentonces.com/2010/11/study-guide-for-class-1/#glosario
CLASS 2 GLOSSARY: http://blog.buenoentonces.com/2010/11/study-guide-for-class-2/#glosario
CLASS 3 GLOSSARY: http://blog.buenoentonces.com/2010/12/study-guide-for-class-3/#glosario
CLASS 4 GLOSSARY: http://blog.buenoentonces.com/2010/12/study-guide-for-class-4/#glosario

EJERCICIOS ESCRITOS

Make sure you’ve got it all! Test yourself here:

http://blog.buenoentonces.com/2010/12/quiz-for-class-5/

It’s a quick review, with only 10 questions. Get more than 70% and you can happily continue to Class 6 and go over everything you learned this week to REALLY cement it all!!